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Tuesday, December 24, 2013
Music functions in Prehistoric

Music functions in Prehistoric


 
Music in prehistoric times is closely related to magic , which is the form of the religious ceremonies , mystical ceremonies , such as healing the sick, attempt to kill game animals , offering offerings in places considered sacred . LEGACY - human relics of primitive man in the form of music at this age are not widely known . However , based on evidence of the very limited , it can be seen that during this period , there have been music in the form of songs which include two types , namely :
 
1 . Songs to dance accompaniment during ceremony
In this song there is a strong integration between the lyrics / words , tetabuan accompaniment and dance to the rhythm of giving rise to occult powers . At penyanjiannya accompanied with sacred words with the aim of worshiping the spirits around him . This activity is done in hopes of getting a blessing in his life . They were fully convinced that the spirits they worship will grant all that the They asked , whether in relation to the problems of agriculture , animal husbandry , health , safety , and matchmaking . Through nyayian - nyayian as dance accompaniment that is , they deliver their petition to the spirits of the ancestors and is usually performed by several people simultaneously .
 
2 . Chant for accompaniment Work Activity
At the time of doing a job , such as plowing fields or planting rice , magical chants could be heard . This song is meant to describe the encouragement to those who are working so excited and simultaneously in the work . Besides that , these songs are intended to give effect to the cultivated fields was doing . For example , during the singing of the rice plant is believed to give suggestions for the fertility of rice plants processed . Planting is not only accompanied by singing of course , but also accompanied by the sound of drumming equipment .
       
  In some parts of Indonesia , until now this activity is still maintained its existence in accordance with local customs are still preserved as a national cultural asset . Music or sound art which is considered to have supernatural powers to be played tenderly and carefully . The situation is seen from the following aspects :

1 ) The rhythm , the accents of music played on instruments that sound powerful drumming . The sounds include the sound of gendering and gong .
2 ) presentation of the rule , ie a rule that includes the number of times the music should be played for the purpose of what the music is presented and what is its function .
ART OF MUSIC

ART OF MUSIC




Art as a form of expression of the artist has creative traits , emotional , individual , eternal and universal . In accordance with one of the properties of the creative arts , the arts as human activities have always spawned new creations , follow the values ​​that flourish in society . As we know , that the needs of the arts has become a human instinct , because in principle like something wonderful man , good to look at . , And at the hearing . View it would be more beautiful and perfect when accompanied by the strains of sound . Because of that pleasure , materialized views art as a tool that can never be separated from human life , the art of music in particular .Music is a universal language , because music can be understood and understood by any person of any nation in the world . It is undeniable that the music has been around a human life since the man himself was in his mother's womb . Some experts claim that music is a work , creativity, sense of human sight, but can be heard and felt , then displayed in an event witnessed performances by various groups , ie, by music lovers , music observers and the general public ( Dick & Careway : 2009: 4 ) . Music has a very important role for human life daily in accordance with the function and usefulness of each . We also know the music functions such as media entertainment , media rituals , media treatment , education as a medium of information and so forth .Music in social life can be studied in a formal and non-formal , or informal through education .According Tirtaraharja (1990 : 13-15 ) , namely :" Education is divided into three parts , namely formal education , informal pendididan , education and non- formal education formal.Pendidikan deliberately planned and executed with strict rules , such as berkesinambungan.Pendidikan be hierarchical and informal education that occurs within the family which lasted natural and reasonable . Non-formal education is environmental education in the community ( one example is the course and study groups ) are not required tiered and sustainable , as well as the rules more lenient " .Education is a form that has become a liability for humans . By learning to develop the human potential that exists. Education can take place anywhere, for example within the family , in schools and communities .Music has good benefits for early childhood growth , globalization Along the stimulation of music in children becoming more readily available . It is not possible in today's world has a lot of multimedia products that are rich in stimulation for children , including music . In ancient times , people will flock to a staging area art music performed live . Along with the globalization of music can be packaged in some form so that it can be heard through intermediaries Mobile communication device types . Kassner (2006 : 69 ) states the child's development in the art of music , namely : In the age of 1 to 2 years in the musical development of children exhibit behaviors that mimic the shape of the piece melodic songs but not high - low tone characterizes
A VARIETY OF MUSICAL GENRES

A VARIETY OF MUSICAL GENRES





Experts categorize music as the music of modern popular music , ie music that is liked the people at a certain time . Examples of the type of popular music that developed in Indonesia as the flow is essentially jazz , rock , R & B , Country , dangdut , reggae , and pop .

1 . Jazz music .
Jazz music is a type of music that was first developed by the African - Americans . The music is rooted in New Orleans , USA , in the late 19th century . Jazz is a blend of various types of music , including blues , ragtime , brass bands , traditional music of European and native African rhythms . The main instruments are often used in jazz music in general is piano , bass , drums , guitar , saxophone , trombone , and trumpet .
One characteristic of jazz is improvisation game that stands out . Therefore , the player must have the ability to jazz improvisation that good . Jazz musicians have the ability to play scales and chord progressions in all the basic tone .
One characteristic of jazz improvisation is the use of syncopation and frequent tone instead of the chord being played . In jazz , improvised music that is out of shape it enriches diatonic harmony and add to the beauty of his music .
In Indonesia , emerging jazz and popular music in the 1920s . However , the popularity of this music decreased with the advent of other types of music in Indonesia , such as rock and pop music . Currently jazz began to rise again in line with the emergence of jazz musicians such as Indra , idang Rasidi , Ivan Nestorman , Gilang Ramadhan , Syaharani , Ermi Leather , Iga Mawarni , and so on .

2 . Music Rhythm and Blues ( Rn'B )

R & B music consists of various types of popular music are interrelated . Rhythm and blues music , better known as R & B music has several genres , like , jump blues , club blues , black rock n ' roll , soul , funk , disco and rap .
R & B music is created and supported by most of the African-American community in early 1940. R & B was first coined by Jerry Wexler , known as Atlantic recordnya . The term R & B by Jerry Wexler used as a synonym for Black Rock And Roll music ( rock n roll music played by black people ) .
In Indonesia , the R & B music began to emerge around 1990 . The music continued to grow until now . Some Indonesian musicians who bring the kind of music R & B , among others, Glen Fredly and Willie Nelson .
3 . Pop music
This music evolved in Indonesia around 1960 and much-loved community, especially young people or teenagers . Pop music group is often referred to as a band who use electronic equipment or modern . Instruments that must exist in the form of lai sederhanannya group , drum , melody and rhythm guitar , piano , and bass guitar .
One feature is the use of pop music rhythm game that feels bebas.dengan put drums and bass guitar . The composition of the melody is also easy to digest . Typically , the musicians also added music accessories and diverse styles to add interest and understanding for the audience .
Some musicians and pop groups Titiek Puspa Indonesia , among others , Tim , Bob Marley , Joey Ayala , Peterpan band , Band , Kla Project and so on . As well as with artists such as Indonesia Kiyani , Arilaso , Ruth , and others .
4 . Rock music
This kind of music in Indonesia initially received criticism and insults people , including his own place in America 's musical growth . But at the end of development , rock music can be accepted as a contemporary music ( modern music ) .
Rock music is a genre of music that is influenced by boogie - woogie of the pattern as sustainability rooted in blues and country music . The inventor is Fat Domino . Predominant musical instrument in rock music is the guitar with the hard distortion effect and its amplifier , bass & electric guitar is an instrument that was pioneered by the brand Fender in 1951 . Piano and electric organ , synthesizers , and drum set is an instrument that is also complete .
5 . Reggae music

Reggae is a music rhythm that developed in Jamaica . Reggae may be used in the wide sense to refer to most of Jamaican music , including ska , rocksteady , dub , dancehall and ragga . Perhaps the term also is in distinguishing between such closely style originated in the late 1960s .
Reggae rhythm style stand under the character 's mouth blows delinquent soldiers , known as the " Skank " , played by the rhythm guitar , and bass drum beater three strokes over each measure , known as the " one issue" . Characteristics , the slow introduction of reggae beat , ska and rocksteady .
Reggae in Indonesia
Some of the famous names in the world of reggae music in Indomesia include Tony Q , Ras Muhammad , Steven & Coconuttreez , Joni Agung ( Bali ) , New RastafaraYogyakarta ) . Reggae music around 1986 began to broadcast in Indonesia , the band is the Black Company a reggae band with a genre , a few years later came the Asian Roots , which is derived from the previous band , then there are Asian Force and Abresso , Jamming
7 Classical Music
Classical music is a broad term that usually refers to music that is made ​​in , or rooted in the traditions of Western art , Christian music , and orchestral music , covers the period from about the 9th century to the 21st century .
European classical music is distinguished from non - European forms of music and popular music , especially by the music notation system , which has been used since about 16.Notasi century western music is used by composers to give instructions to the carrier regarding musical pitch , speed , metrum , rhythm individual , and the precise nature of a piece of music . This limits the existence of practices such as improvisation and ad libitum ornamentation frequently heard in non - European music (compare Indian classical music and Japanese traditional music ) and popular music .
8 Gambus
Psaltery is a stringed musical instrument like a mandolin that comes from the Middle East . At least 3 strings stringed instruments fitted to at most 12 strings . Psaltery played while accompanied by drums . An orchestra put on a musical instrument called the main form of stringed instruments stringed instruments of the orchestra called the psaltery alone . TVRI and RRI , orchestral stringed instruments ever hosted the rhythm of the desert .
Orchestral stringed instruments accompany dance Zapin entirely brought men to dance socially . The song is sung rhythmic Middle East . While the theme of the lyrics are religious . Instrument consists of violin , drums , tabla and flute . Now , orchestral stringed instruments belong Betawi people at a party and invited lots of circumcision and marriage . Arabic lyric , it can be a prayer or blessings . Pioneering orchestral stringed instruments is Syech Albar , his father Ahmad Albar , and the famous orchestra of stringed instruments Surayya El - Medan city leaders Baqi Ahmad .
How Beginners Can Write a Blog Speak English

How Beginners Can Write a Blog Speak English





Tips are available here would be easier to implement if you have sufficient English language skills . If you are a complete beginner , it will require a longer time than if you already have the basic ability to speak English . 
To find your basic ability to speak English is easy to follow existing tests ( TOEFL or IELTS ) . I suggest you try the TOEFL because they cost less than IELTS . As I understand it , the TOEFL test costs around Rp 300,000 to test for 3 hours ( without the writing test and interview ) . While at Rp 1,500,000 for IELTS test for 3 hours ( including interview and test writing test ) 
If your TOEFL in the range of 525 up to 600 then you will be easier to create blog posts to speak English . And your blog could be used as a platform to hone your writing skills in English . Eventually you will become more proficient . 
But the most important thing is determination and willpower . If you already speak a foreign language then inevitably we have to understand the fundamental things first before publishing on the internet . The goal is to achieve maximum results . 
ability to write alone are never sufficient in terms of blogging , especially if you have a business motive over your English blog .Writing is not a natural talent , writing is a skill that can be honed and studied . If you feel ready to write a blog in English then use these tips to not only create a blog but also creates a lot of opportunities from it . 
If you feel ready , how to be able to write a blog in English in the not too distant future ?One of the challenges of writing a blog in English in addition to quality is difficult to resolve in a short time . The time required relative to each author relies on time , and the atmosphere of the place . Each writer has their own choice about it. However , in general there are some things that can be done to facilitate the completion of a post to a blog in English .
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